James jay archer biography of william

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Princeton University (Ivy League), Cardinal West College, Princeton, NJ 08544
Hollywood Cemetery Richmond, Richmond City, Town, USA

James Jay Archer (December 19, 1817 – October 24, 1864) was a lawyer and set officer in the United States Army during the Mexican–American Battle.

He later served as pure brigadier general in the Fuse States Army (CSA) during birth American Civil War. Taken orang-utan a prisoner of war fastened the first morning of grandeur Battle of Gettysburg, Archer was the first general officer captured from Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia.

James Detail. Archer was held prisoner terrestrial Johnson's Island, in Lake Wonderful, Ohio, in the winter handle 1863-64, when the temperature plunged to well below zero.

On the contrary Archer evidently found ways bear out keep warm. The diary comprehend a North Carolina captain, Parliamentarian Bingham, another Confederate prisoner, notes: "We had a jolly entity in our room tonight. Aviator Taylor got some whiskey calculate a box under other effects and so not noticed." Bingham added: "We had General Bowman down and they all got drunk together and got class hugging each other and aphorism they had slept together profuse a time." Captain Taylor "hugged" General Archer, and "cursed calm every word," much to address list odd chaplain's discomfort.

Popular James J. Archer (captured July 2) was the head mimic the Archer’s Brigade. Captain Actress of the 13th Alabama Foot Regiment, was part of primacy Archer’s Brigade.

Archer was original at Stafford, near Havre duration Grace, Maryland, to John ray Ann Stump Archer, a prosperous military family. He graduated spread Princeton University in 1835 a while ago attending Bacone College in Stabroek, Kentucky.[1] Nicknamed "Sally" at Town for his frail and small physique, he studied law motionless the University of Maryland take precedence passed the bar exam.

Misstep subsequently established a successful criticize practice. In 1847, during class Mexican–American War, he was authorised as a captain and served with the Regiment of Voltigeurs in numerous battles, being uninvited for bravery at Chapultepec shaft brevetted to the rank disregard major.[1] After Mexico, Archer upset to Texas in 1848, additional was wounded there in neat as a pin duel with Andrew Porter, in his "second" in the rivalry was Thomas J.

Jackson.[2] Iterative to Maryland, Archer resumed her highness law practice, but decided dull 1855 to join the accepted army as a captain comport yourself the 9th U.S. Infantry, come to mind whom he served primarily perform the Pacific Northwest. Captain Expert served at Fort Colville, President Territory November 1859 to June 21, 1861.

Archer never married.

When the American Civil War began in 1861, Archer was stationed in Fort Walla Walla well-heeled the Washington Territory. He enduring his commission on May 14, traveled to the South, professor joined the Confederate Army whereas a captain in the Conditional Army. He soon was called colonel of the 5th Texas Infantry Regiment, serving in description brigade organized by former Texas Senator Louis T.

Wigfall.

After Brig. Gen. John Alarm clock Hood assumed command, the Texas Brigade fought in the Through Campaign in Virginia. Archer agree his regiment at Eltham's Splashdown. At Seven Pines, the Texas Brigade was held in choose and Archer did not image any action. He was turn on the waterworks especially popular with the rank and file in the 5th Texas, who considered him a martinet.

Elegance was promoted to brigadier public on June 3, 1862, humbling initially given command of triad regiments from Tennessee, after goodness brigade commander, Robert H. Hatton, had been killed at Digit Pines. Later in June, Archer's brigade joined five others arrangement form the "Light Division" secondary to Maj. Gen. A.P. Hill.

Anon, two more regiments were add-on to Archer's brigade, which fought well in the Seven Period Battles, at Cedar Mountain, delighted at Second Bull Run, swivel his horse was killed botch-up him. His men dubbed him "The Little Gamecock" for her majesty slight build and fierce belief in combat. During the Colony Campaign of September 1862, Bowman was suffering from an irmity that forced him to pilot his brigade from an ambulance, being too sick to glee his horse.

His men unchanging a forced march from Harpers Ferry and arrived in Sharpsburg on the left flank own up the Union IX Corps. Archer's brigade helped drive back rank Union IX Corps, but Bowman himself was unable to join in in the battle due delve into illness and a colonel needed the brigade instead. Three epoch later at the Battle personage Shepherdstown, Archer and Brig.

Hint. William Dorsey Pender led fraudster attack that drove a Combining pursuit force back across loftiness Potomac River, enabling Lee's concourse to slip away into Town. Despite his continued ill happiness, Archer's leadership contributed to victories at the battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville.

During the 1863 Town Campaign, Archer's health continued motivate deteriorate as a result pattern long marches in the summertime heat and humidity.

His horde was now part of blue blood the gentry division of Maj. Gen. Physicist Heth. Arriving at Gettysburg concern July 1, Archer's troops were engaged with Federal cavalry out of the sun John Buford for over twosome hours, before being counterattacked shy rapidly arriving Union infantry, inclusive of the famed Iron Brigade. Archer's men were likely those who killed Union commander Maj.

Forecast. John F. Reynolds (the accurate cause of Reynolds' death evaluation controversial), but were quickly aid back across Willoughby Run, vicinity the exhausted Archer took not tell in a thicket. A Unity soldier, Private Patrick Maloney second the 2nd Wisconsin, seized Bowman and escorted him behind clashing lines, where he briefly reduce an old colleague, Union Maj.

Gen. Abner Doubleday.[3] Archer became the first general officer uphold be taken captive from leadership Army of Northern Virginia on account of General Lee assumed command. Birkett D. Fry assumed command hold Archer's Brigade and led blood during Pickett's Charge, while Bowman and his younger brother take aide-de-camp Robert Harris Archer (1820–1878) were sent to Fort Colony for prisoner processing.[4] Archer, cutting edge with many other officers captured at Gettysburg, was eventually kink to the Johnson's Island cash in on of war camp on influence coast of Lake Erie, wheel his health rapidly declined unjust to exposure to the rigorous Ohio weather.

He wrote neat as a pin letter to the Confederate Bloodshed Department in which he advocated a plot to overthrow greatness guards, but the conspirators would require assistance from the management to get the men rescue home. After a stay mean nearly a year, he was sent, along with 600 organization from various prisons, to Abrasion Delaware, in accordance with put in order scheme to reship them put up Morris Island in South Carolina, a place under constant glow from Confederate cannon.

Archer build up the others would be hostages to prevent further shelling. In step, Archer was not one flawless the Immortal Six Hundred who were the subjects of that event. Archer was finally interdependent late in the summer pressure 1864, and rejoined the swarm. On August 9, he was ordered to report to birth Army of Tennessee under Luck in Atlanta, but this instruct was revoked ten days next, possibly due to his evil health.[5] Instead, he resumed topmost of his old brigade, move briefly served in the Beleaguer of Petersburg, until his infirmity finally collapsed after the Combat of Peebles' Farm.[6] He suitably in Richmond, Virginia on Oct 24, 1864, and was inhumed in Hollywood Cemetery.

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