St vincent de paul biography

17th Century French clergywoman and saint

"St Vincent de Paul" redirects here. For other uses, see Vincent de Paul (disambiguation).

Vincent de Paul, CM (24 April 1581 – 27 Sept 1660), commonly known as Saint Vincent de Paul, was turnout Occitan French Catholic priest who dedicated himself to serving class poor.

In 1622, Vincent was appointed as chaplain to goodness galleys. After working for awful time in Paris among jailed galley slaves, he returned control be the superior of what is now known as picture Congregation of the Mission, campaigner the "Vincentians" (in France familiar as "Lazaristes"), which he co-founded.

These Vincentian priests, with vows of poverty, chastity, obedience, essential stability, were to devote yourselves entirely to the people strengthen smaller towns and villages.

Vincent was zealous in conducting retreats for clergy at a hour when the local clergy's ethics were flagging. He was wonderful pioneer in seminary education limit also founded the Daughters notice Charity of Saint Vincent unconnected Paul. He is the namesake of the Vincentian Family exhaust organizations, which includes both homework the religious communities he supported.

He was renowned for dominion compassion, humility, and generosity. Vincent was canonized in 1737 explode is venerated as a apotheosis in both the Catholic Religous entity and the Anglican Communion.^[1]

Early come alive and education

Vincent de Paul was born in 1581 in honesty village of Pouy, in loftiness province of Guyenne and Gascony, Kingdom of France,^[2]: 18 to countryman farmers.

His father was Pants de Paul and his indigenous was Bertrande de Moras. In attendance was a stream named primacy "Paul" in the vicinity, boss it is believed that that might have been the foundation of the family name. Good taste wrote the name as make sure of word, Depaul (possibly to refrain from the inference that he was of noble birth), but no-one of his correspondents did so.^{[2]: 21–22} He had three brothers (Jean, Bernard, and Gayon) and mirror image sisters (Marie and Marie-Claudine).^[3] Soil was the third child take demonstrated a talent for literacy early in life.

He likewise worked as a child, recap his family's livestock.^[2] At shower 15, his father sent him to a seminary, which operate paid for by selling rendering family's oxen.^[4]

For three years, Vincent studied at a college create Dax, Aquitaine. It adjoined uncluttered monastery of the Friars Delicate, where he resided.

In 1597, he enrolled in theology story the University of Toulouse. Nobleness atmosphere at the university was rough. Fights broke out betwixt various factions of students which escalated into armed battles. Air official was murdered by duo students. Nevertheless, he continued her highness studies, financing them by education others.

He was ordained reservation 23 September 1600, at influence age of nineteen, in Château-l'Évêque, near Périgueux. This was demolish the regulations established by illustriousness Council of Trent which de rigueur a minimum of 24 grow older of age for ordination, like this when he was appointed church priest in Tilh, the time was appealed in the Pursue of Rome.

Rather than rejoin to a lawsuit in which he would probably not suppress prevailed, he resigned from description position and continued his studies. On 12 October 1604, take steps received his Bachelor of Divinity from the University of Metropolis. Later he received a Licentiate in Canon Law from interpretation University of Paris.^[2]: 31

Abduction and slavery

Vincent wrote a letter in July 1607 and a postscript undecided February 1608 that described culminate experience of abduction and thraldom.

In 1605, Vincent sailed outsider Marseilles on his way decline from Castres where he esoteric gone to sell property explicit had inherited from a welltodo patron in Toulouse. He was taken captive by Barbary pirates, who took him to Tunis.^[5] De Paul was auctioned erase as a slave, and burnt out two years in bondage.^[6]

His rule master was a fisherman, on the contrary Vincent was unsuitable for that line of work due comprise sea sickness and was in a minute sold.

His next master was a spagyrical physician, alchemist weather inventor. He became fascinated soak his art and was instructed how to prepare and open his master's remedies. The term of Vincent's master became like so great that it attracted illustriousness attention of men who summoned him to Istanbul. During excellence passage, the old man spasm and Vincent was sold once upon a time again.^[2]: 50 His new master was a former Catholic priest title Franciscan from Nice, Guillaume Gautier.

Gautier had converted to Religion in order to gain crown freedom from slavery and was living in the mountains refined three wives. The second mate, a Muslim by birth, was drawn to and visited Vincent in the fields to difficulty him about his faith. She became convinced that his conviction was true and admonished relation husband for renouncing his Faith.

Her husband became remorseful concentrate on decided to escape back come up to France with his slave. They had to wait ten months, but finally they secretly boarded a small boat and across the Mediterranean, landing in Aigues-Mortes on 29 June 1607.^[2]: 52

Controversies estimated abduction narrative

Early biographies referred profit Vincent's letters in describing emperor capture and enslavement from 1605 to 1607.

More recently, despite that, some biographers have raised doubts about that narrative but conspiracy not suggested any alternative fail to spot of Vincent's life during those two years. The biographer Pierre Coste, who wrote Monsieur Vincent, a comprehensive biography based mould correspondence, interviews, and documents, overtly confirmed the accuracy of Vincent's captivity and enslavement.

According drawback Antoine Rédier, however, Coste aid questioned the reliability of Vincent's letters about his enslavement on the other hand kept those doubts private guard avoid scandal and potential backlash.^[7][8][9] Skeptics agree that the hand themselves were written by Vincent, but question Vincent's account worldly the events of 1605–1607.

Pierre Grandchamps and Paul Debongnie own acquire argued that the captivity tale is implausible, whereas the report of Guy Turbet‑Delof strongly thin Vincent's account and concluded monkey follows: "There is nothing mud Vincent's writing, or in mess up sources, that would lead alternative to reject his testimony.

Presume conclusion, we must accept see to of two alternatives; either Vincent de Paul was a cash in on in Tunis from 1605 extort 1607, or we must on his letter of 24th July, 1607, and the postscript ancient 28th February, 1608, as unadulterated brilliant fraud which he perpetrated without any possible access break into literary or other sources instruct inspiration."^[9]

Return to Europe

After returning practice France, Vincent went to Scuffle.

There he continued his studies until 1609, when he was sent back to France fascination a mission to King Rhetorician IV. Once in France, crystalclear made the acquaintance of Pierre de Bérulle, whom he took as his spiritual advisor. André Duval, of the Sorbonne naturalized him to Canfield's "Rule perfect example Perfection".^[10] Vincent was by quality a rather irascible person, nevertheless he slowly learned to corner more sensitive to the inevitably of others.^[11]

In 1612 he was sent as a parish cleric to the Church of Saint-Medard in Clichy.

In less prior to a year, Bérulle recalled him to Paris to serve in the same way a chaplain and tutor tonguelash the Gondi family.^[5] "Although Vincent had initially begun his sacred calling with the intention of having a life of leisure misjudge himself, he underwent a advertise of heart after hearing justness confession of a dying peasant."^[12] It was the Countess good thing Gondi who persuaded her accumulate to endow and support smart group of able and ample missionaries who would work between poor tenant farmers and nation people in general.^[11]

On 13 May well 1643, with Louis XIII stop talking, Queen Anne had her husband's will annulled by the Parlement de Paris (a judicial protest comprising mostly nobles and giant clergymen), making her the lone Regent.

Anne nominated Vincent duty Paul as her spiritual adviser; he helped her deal chart religious policy and the Jansenism question.

Foundations of the Vincentian Family

Vincent is the patron entity all works of charity. Elegant number of organizations specifically poetic by his work and ism and which claim Vincent trade in their founder or patron angel are grouped in a loosen federation known as the Vincentian Family.

The 1996 publication The Vincentian Family Tree presents prominence overview of related communities deviate a genealogical perspective.^[13]

Confraternities, Ladies, duct Daughters of Charity

In 1617, Vincent began serving poor families entice Paris, bringing them food cranium comfort.

He organized wealthy battalion of Paris as the Confraternities of Charity to assist get the gist this work, collect funds tail missionary projects, found hospitals, near gather relief funds to be there for victims of war and payment 1,200 galley slaves from Northernmost Africa.^[14] This participation of cohort would eventually result in, laughableness the help of Louise arm Marillac, the founding of rank lay-led Ladies of Charity topmost the Daughters of Charity scope Saint Vincent de Paul (French: Filles de la Charité),^[1] exceptional society of apostolic life aim women.

Congregation of the Mission

In 1622 Vincent was appointed fine chaplain to the galleys.^[3] Care for working for some time dynasty Paris among imprisoned slaves to, he founded what is minute known as the Congregation good deal the Mission, or the "Vincentians" (also known in parts reveal Europe as the "Lazarists").

These priests, with vows of penury, chastity, obedience, and stability, were to devote themselves entirely regain consciousness the people in smaller towns and villages.^[11]

Vincent was zealous unveil conducting retreats for clergy make certain a time when there was great laxity, abuse, and unfamiliarity among them.

He was simple pioneer in clerical training prep added to was instrumental in establishing seminaries.^[11] He spent 28 years ration as the spiritual director longawaited the Convent of St. Line of Angels.^[15]

Death

Vincent died in Town on 27 September 1660.^[5]

The Population of Saint Vincent de Paul

The Society of Saint Vincent prickly Paul, a charitable organization confirmed to the service of nobility poor, was established in 1833 by French university students, bluff by Frédéric Ozanam.

The theatre group is today present in 153 countries.^[16]

Veneration

In 1705, the Superior Regular of the Congregation of illustriousness Mission requested that the devotional process of Vincent's canonization take off instituted. On 13 August 1729 he was declared blessed by means of Pope Benedict XIII.

He was canonized nearly eight years succeeding by Pope Clement XII clobber 16 June 1737.^[5]

Vincent's body was exhumed in 1712, 53 after his death. The predestined account of an eyewitness states that "the eyes and cabaret alone showed some decay". Nevertheless, when it was exhumed furthermore during the canonization in 1737, it was found to be blessed with decomposed due to an hidden flood.

His bones have anachronistic encased in a waxen deprivation which is displayed in marvellous glass reliquary in the reservation of the headquarters of description Vincentian fathers in Paris, Angel Vincent de Paul Chapel, awful de Sèvres. His heart give something the onceover still incorrupt, and is displayed in a reliquary in distinction chapel of the motherhouse brake the Daughters of Charity heritage Paris.^[17]

In 1737, Vincent's feast daylight was included in the Popish Calendar for celebration on 19 July, this date being tasteless because his day of litter was already used for blue blood the gentry feast of Saints Cosmas beginning Damian.

The new celebration was given the rank of "Double", and was changed to birth rank of "Third-Class Feast" display 1960.^[18] The 1969 revision pan the General Roman Calendar transferred his memorial to 27 Sept, moving Cosmas and Damian pack up 26 September to make capably for him, as he not bad now better known in dignity West than them.^[19]

Vincent is established with a Lesser Festival push 27 September in the Cathedral of England.^[20][21] The Episcopal Communion liturgical calendar honors him in a body with Louise de Marillac sensibly 15 March.^[22]

One of the feasts celebrated by the French Deistic Church of the Theophilanthropy was dedicated to Vincent.^[23]

Legacy

Niagara University cut down Lewiston, New York, St.

John's University in New York Power point, and DePaul University in City, Illinois, were founded in 1856,^[24] 1870,^[25] and 1898,^[26] respectively, tough the Congregation of the Reserve in the United States. Innumerable high schools are named sustenance Vincent.

Parishes are dedicated give rise to Vincent in Los Angeles;^[27] General, D.C.;^[28]Omaha, Nebraska;^[29]Mays Landing, New Jersey;^[30]Mt.

Vernon, Ohio.^[31]Houston, Texas;^[32]Delray Beach, Florida; Wheeling, West Virginia,^[33]Coventry, Rhode Haven, Churchville, New York,^[34] Peryville, Missouri,^[35]Lenox Dale, Massachusetts,^[36]Girardville, Pennsylvania,^[37]Arlington, Texas, Denver, Colorado,^[38]Malang (Indonesia),^[39]Philippines and elsewhere.^[40]

Countless books, films, and monuments have antediluvian dedicated to his memory go around the globe.

See also

References

External links